## Icone di avvio

A launcher is an object that performs a specific action when you open it.

You can find launchers in the panels, in the panel menubar, and on the desktop. A launcher is represented by an icon in all of these locations.

You might use a launcher to do any of the following:

- Si avvia un'applicazione.

- Si esegue un comando.

- Open a folder.

- Open a Web browser at a particular page on the Web.

- Si apre un URI (Uniform Resource Identifier) particolare. Il desktop di GNOME contiene speciali URI che consentono l'accesso a particolari funzioni del file manager.

You can modify the properties of a launcher. For example, the properties of a launcher include the name of the launcher, the icon that represents the launcher, and how the launcher runs. For more on this, see la sezione chiamata “Modifying a Launcher”.

In certain situations, a launcher in a menu might not show an icon. For example, if it specifies no icon to display, or if the entire menu is set to show no icons.

### Adding a Launcher to a Panel

You can add a launcher to a panel in one of the following ways:

- Dal menu popup del pannello

  Right-click on any vacant space on the panel, then choose Add to Panel. The Add to Panel dialog opens.

  To create a new launcher, select Custom Application Launcher from the list. A Create Launcher dialog is displayed. For more information on the properties in this dialog, see la sezione chiamata “Launcher Properties”.

  Alternatively, to add an existing launcher to the panel, select Application Launcher from the list. Choose the launcher that you want to add from the list of menu items.

- Da qualsiasi menu

  To add a launcher to a panel from any menu, perform one of the following steps:

  - Aprire il menu che contiene il pulsante di avvio desiderato. Trascinare il pulsante di avvio sul pannello.

  - Open the menu that contains the launcher from the panel where you want the launcher to reside. Right-click on the title of the launcher. Choose Add this launcher to panel.

- Dal file manager

  To add a launcher to a panel from the file manager, find the `.desktop` file for the launcher in your file system, then drag the `.desktop` file to the panel.

### Modifying a Launcher

To modify the properties of a launcher in a panel, perform the following steps:

1. Right-click on the launcher to open the panel object popup menu.

2. Choose Properties. Use the Launcher Properties dialog to modify the properties as required. For more information on the Launcher Properties dialog, see la sezione chiamata “Launcher Properties”.

3. Click Close to close the Launcher Properties dialog.

### Launcher Properties

When you create or edit a launcher, the following properties can be set:

Tipo

  Use the drop-down list to specify whether this launcher starts an application or opens a document:

  Application

    The launcher starts an application.

  Application in Terminal

    The launcher starts an application in a terminal.

  File

    The launcher opens a file.

Nome

  This is displayed when you add the launcher to a menu or to the desktop.

Comando

  For an application launcher, specify a command to execute when you click on the launcher. For sample commands, see la sezione chiamata “Launcher Commands”.

Posizione

  For a file launcher, specify the location of the file.

Commento

  This is displayed as a tooltip when you point to the launcher icon on the panel.

To choose an icon for the launcher, click on the No Icon button. An icon selector dialog is displayed. Choose an icon from the dialog.

To change the icon for the launcher, click on the button showing the current icon. An icon selector dialog is displayed. Choose an icon from the dialog.

#### Launcher Commands

Il tipo di comandi che si possono passare al campo Comando dipende dall'opzione scelta nella casella a scorrimento Tipo. Se si sceglie Applicazione, si può inserire un normale comando. La tabella seguente mostra alcuni esempi di comandi e le azioni eseguite da tali comandi :

Sample Application Command | Azione
--- | ---
gedit | Avvia l'applicazione editor di testo gedit.
gedit /utente123/loremipsum.txt | Apre il file `/utente123/loremipsum.txt` nell'applicazone editor di testo gedit.
nautilus /utente123/Progetti | Apre la cartella `/utente123/Progetti` in una finestra file oggetto.

Se si sceglie Collegamento dalla casella a scorrimento Tipo è possibile inserire un comando di collegamento. La tabella seguente mostra alcuni esempi di comandi di collegamento e le azioni alle quali questi comandi corrispondono:

Esempio di comando di collegamento | Azione
--- | ---
http://www.gnome.org | Apre il sito web di GNOME nel proprio browser predefinito.
ftp://ftp.gnome.org | Apre il sito FTP di GNOME nel proprio browser predefinito.

The command can contain the following special codes which will be replaced with the value specified in the following table:

Code | Meaning
--- | ---
%f | A single file name, even if multiple files are selected. The system reading the desktop entry should recognize that the program in question cannot handle multiple file arguments, and it should should probably spawn and execute multiple copies of a program for each selected file if the program is not able to handle additional file arguments. If files are not on the local file system (i.e. are on HTTP or FTP locations), the files will be copied to the local file system and %f will be expanded to point at the temporary file. Used for programs that do not understand the URL syntax.
%F | A list of files. Use for apps that can open several local files at once.
%u | A single URL.
%U | A list of URLs.
%d | Directory containing the file that would be passed in a %f field.
%D | List of directories containing the files that would be passed in to a %F field.
%n | A single filename (without path).
%N | A list of filenames (without paths).
%i | The Icon field of the desktop entry expanded as two parameters, first --icon and then the contents of the Icon field. Should not expand as any parameters if the Icon field is empty or missing.
%c | The translated Name field associated with the desktop entry.
%k | The location of the desktop file as either a URI (if for example gotten from the vfolder system) or a local filename or empty if no location is known.
%v | The name of the Device entry in the desktop file.

These are as defined by freedesktop.org's Desktop Entry Specification.

Applet |  | Pulsanti